Landscape degradation is a major threat to global biodiversity that animed aniflex complete is being further exacerbated by climate change.Halting or reversing biodiversity decline using seed-based restoration requires tons of seed, most of which is sourced from wild populations.However, in regions where restoration is most urgent, wild seed sources are often fragmented, declining and producing seed with low genetic diversity.Seed production areas (SPAs) can help to reduce the burden of collecting native seed from remnant vegetation, improve genetic diversity in managed seed crops and contribute to species conservation.Banksia marginata (Proteaceae) is a key restoration species in south-eastern Australia but is highly fragmented and declining across much of its range.
We evaluated genetic diversity, population genetic structure and relatedness in two B.marginata SPAs bushranger awning and the wild populations from which the SPA germplasm was sourced.We found high levels of relatedness within most remnants and that the population genetic structure was best described by three groups of trees.We suggest that SPAs are likely to be important to meet future native seed demand but that best practice protocols are required to assist land managers design and manage these resources including genetic analyses to guide the selection of germplasm.